Содержание
ВАРИАНТ 4.
I. Прочитайте и перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркните в каждом из них модальный глагол. Переведите письменно эти предложения на русский язык.
1. She spoke in a very low voice, but I could understand what she said.
2. You should see a doctor.
3. They must be tired as they have been working all day.
4. I was told that I might place an advertisement in the newspaper.
5. We really ought to buy a new car.
II. Прочитайте и перепишите приведенные ниже предложения, подчеркните в каждом из них синоним или эквивалент модального глагола. Определите модальный глагол, синонимом или эквивалентом которого он является. Переведите предложения на русский язык.
(См. образец выполнения 1 в варианте 1)
Образец выполнения 1:
These machines are to replace the old equipment of our shop. — Эти механизмы должны заменить старое оборудование нашего цеха.
Are to — синоним модального глагола can в Present Indefinite Active, мн. число.
1. Alf played very well but at the end Jack was able to beat him.
was able to — синоним модального глагола can в Past Indefinite Active, ед. число.
2. Did you have to get up early to meet the delegation at the airport?
have to — синоним модального глагола must в Present Indefinite Active, ед. число.
3. As I was to be there at 5 sharp, I took a taxi.
was to — синоним модального глагола can в Past Indefinite Active, ед. число.
4. He was not allowed to leave before his parents came back.
was not allowed to — синоним модального глагола may not в Past Indefinite Active, ед. число.
5. Our baby will be able to walk in a few weeks.
will be able to — синоним модального глагола may в Future Indefinite Active, ед. число.
III. Прочитайте и перепишите приведенные ниже предложения. Подчеркните в каждом из них глагол в Passive Voice, проанализируйте данные глаголы и письменно переведите эти предложения на русский язык.
(См. образец выполнения 2 в варианте1)
Образец выполнения 2:
The following examples were made use of. — Были использованы следующие примеры.
Were made — Past Indefinite Passive от нестандартного глагола to make.
1. Needless to say, hands must be washed before and after eating.
must be washed — Present Indefinite Passive от стандартного глагола to wash.
2. He knew the boys would be rescued.
would be rescued — Present Indefinite Passive от стандартного глагола to rescue.
3. About 50 people were invited to the party yesterday.
were invited to — Past Indefinite Passive от стандартного глагола to invite.
4. Oxford was beaten by Manchester United in the Cup Final yesterday.
was beaten — Past Indefinite Passive от нестандартного глагола to beat.
5. Such a dress can’t be sat down in.
can’t be sat down — Present Indefinite Passive от нестандартного глагола to sit down.
IV. Прочитайте и перепишите следующие предложения. Подчеркните в них глаголы to be, to have. Определите по грамматическим признакам, являются ли указанные глаголы:
а) смысловыми; б) вспомогательными; в) эквивалентами или синонимами модального глагола (и какого); г) глаголом-связкой.
1. Near the dolls were stuffed animals of all sizes and shapes.
were stuffed — б) вспомогательный
2. Animals were running about in all the paths.
were running — б) вспомогательный
3. Joe felt great, knowing that he had succeeded in his plan.
had succeeded — б) вспомогательный
4. People usually have dinner between 6.00 and 8.00 in the evening.
have — а) смысловой
V. Перепишите предложения с выделенными в них словами и переведите данные предложения, обращая внимание на перевод выделенных словосочетаний.
1. It was my friend whom I was to meet yesterday.
2. It was the government’s policy which allowed to reduce high rates of inflation.
3. I like neither green nor red coats.
4. Both my friend and I like the opera.
VI. Прочитайте и письменно переведите следующий текст.
AMERICAN CHARACTER
American society seems to be much more informal than the British and, in some ways, is characterised by less social distinction. Students do not rise when a teacher enters the room. One does not always address a person by his title, such as "Major" or "General" or "Doctor" in the case of a holder of a Doctor of Philosophy degree. The re-spectful "Sir" is not always used in the northern and western parts of the country.
However, it is best to use a person's title when first meeting him/her, and then allow the person to tell you how he/she wishes to be called.
They use first names when calling each other, slap on the back, joke and are much freer in their speech, which is more slangy than the conventional British English. You will often hear the word "Hi" (a form of greeting among friends) used instead of the usual "Hello," and "Howdy" instead of "How do you do?"
Those who don't easily show these signs of friendship are called "snooty" or "snobbish." In contrast, people who show such simple signs of friendship, particularly to their own economic and social inferiors, are praised as "regular guys," or as "truly demo¬cratic." As a description of character, democratic is generally used to signify that a per¬son of high social or economic status acts in such a way that his or her inferiors are not reminded of their inferiority.
Certain forms of politeness are observed on social occasions. Women may wear hats in church, in restaurants, and often when attending luncheons in public places and other public social functions except those that take place in the evening. Men who do wear hats ordinarily remove them in elevators, churches, restaurants, private homes, business offices — in fact, in most public situations when they wish to show respect.
Список использованной литературы
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